Improved apparatus for rolling metal



`J. I. WILLIAMS. APPARATUS PoR ROLLING METAL.

No. 98,900. Patented Jan. 18, 1870.

dotted gratte JOHN I. WILLIAMS, OF MILLVALE, PENNSYLVANIA.

Letters Pfl-tent N 98,900, datedlaiiuary 18, 1870.

IIMPROVED APPARATUS FOR ROLLING- METAL The Schedule referred to in these Lautern Patent and ,making part of the san-1e.

To all whom it may concern Be it knowny that I, JOHN I. WILLIAMS, of Millvale,in the countyof Allegheny, and State of Pennsylvania, have invented a new and useful Improvement` veach pass, in the grooved rolls, a quarter of a revolution, and in the tongued and grooved rolls, 'a half of arevolutiou, in order to roll in or-down at each pass, the Hash or tin formed at the .preceeding pass.` It' it be desired to reduce the bar in width, as well as in thickness, deep grooves have to be cut in the rolls, so that the bar can be passed through edgeways, whereby the strength of thcj roll is-very much weakened, espe- V ciall y in view ot' the unequal expansion and contraction caused by contact with heated iron, so that, practically, more' rolls are broken than worn out'.

My invention is designed to obviate these'didculties in the rolling of ordinary bar-iron, as well as to accomplish what has, so far as I am aware, never yet been done, viz, the roiling'ot'skelp and nail-plate iron to the desired width and thickness, and wit-h edges so straight and sound as to avoid thc necessity of shearing or trimming them.

Hence, the nature of my invention consists in an improved constrtwtion of rolls for rolling bar-iron, or

iron of a definite fixed width greater than the thickf g ness desired.

myinvention, I will proceed to describe its construction and mode of operation, referring, for that purpose, to the accompanying drawing, making a part of this spcclication, in which- Figure lis a front elevation of a. pair of my improved rolls, and

Figure 2 is. a perspective view of a bar of iron, as produced from the rolls. l

Like letters of reference indicate likepart's in each.

yIn makin gthc rolls I) b', the mechanical work of casting and trimming is d one in the usual way. The rolls are mounted in housings, h, which, with the' bearingblocks, couplings, gcarings, 85e., are of the usual or any known construction.

In each roll, however, I have a series of grooves, a a', c c', e e', t' t', o o', of gradually-decreasing size, so as, by successive passes ofthe iron through such grooves, to reduce it in breadth and thickness. Each groove,

as made in each roll, presents two working-faces, the one, o c e i a, being ot' the length equal to the breadth to be-given tothe side of the bar, bloom, or billet at that pass, and vthe other working-face, .at c c' i'o', as of a length equa-l to the thickness to he given to such bar at that pass, and cach pair of faces, aia', Ste., nrakinvr a right angle with each other, er such other angle as maybe desired, and the corresponding opposite faces n u a o', 86e., in the opposite rolls, being opposite to and parallel with each other, and all being inclined or oblique to the axial line of the rolls;

I t will then be observed that all the working-faces of each pair of grooves take a bite 0u the bar, bloom, or billet, as it is passed through, and act thereon iu such a way asy to draw and reduce it'both in thickness and width, thus accomplishing at one pass as much as, in grooved rolls of the ordinary construction, is accomplished in two passes.

.Conseque'utly, by carryingon therolling more rapidly, I ani able to eolnpleteit while the bar still retains thc, greater part of its heat, and hence, not only save time and labor, but also produce a better quality of iron, and at doublethe speed. I also avoid the necessity of' turning a deep groove in the face of' the roll for rolling the bar on'its edge, and thus lessen very much Y the danger of its breaking. lThis willbe the more apparent when it isrelnembercd that in grooved rolls ot' au ordinary construction, the grooves t'or rolling the bar, when -passed through on its edge, must cach be equal to onelialfthe width of the bar to be produced, and that the strength of a roll is only equal to the strength of its weakest part, While, on the other hand, in the. rolls described, the dept-h of each groove is not only less than one-halt'of the width of the bar to be produced, but even less than its thickness. Consequently, in rolls of the same size, `'I am enabled to secure far greater strength, and to `the'rclls a longcraverage life..

In order to avoid the brmationof a flash or 1in ou the bar, at the part of the rolls, and so save the necessity of turning the bar at each pass, I make, in fitting up the rolls, a. fillet, s, in each groove, at the angle of each pair of working-laces.

Such fillets then chamfer or bevel thc o'bliqucly opposite corners ofthe bars, as shown at n u, inthe bar m, iig. 2, which chamfercd corners, at the next pass et' the bar through the next groove, comeat the part of the rolls. 'The size of each fillet s is such, as 'near as may be, that the reduction of the metal inthe next pass of the bar shall about till out thc chauiicrcd corner so made. In this way; I save thc, labor ot' turn-n ing the bar at each pass, and at the last reducing anl drawing-pass, I turn out alinished bar, without necessarily requiring the use of separate iinishilig-grooves;

I also lind, in practice, that by rolling and drawing both the sides and ends at the same time, I produceV bars having a shorter length of ragged and waste ends to bc cut off and again worked over.

A lso, it appears from 'practical tests, that where, as

in the rolls described, the bar is drawn on all four faces at the same time, less power is required than in the ordinary rolls, vwhere the bar is operated on, andv drawn only ou two faces at each pass. Hence, I

v effect a saving f time, power, labor, and iron.

Another important; advantage is secnred in the rolls described, by the alternato arrangement of the collars d d'; that is to say, one collar (I, on one roll, forms one edge of thebar, while the collar d', thati'orms the other cdge'of the bar, is on the opposite roll. In rolls, as heretofore made, hereis a tendency to gire a,v slight ,curvature or bend to the bars. In rolls made as above set forth, the tendency, in either oiihe collars@ d', to produce such n result. is effect-reilly coinlteractedby the other collar, which tends to the same result, but in an opposite direction, so that the bar is delivered from the rolls free iiomtwist, bend, or distortion.

"'Ihe collars 1fl',shonld, in every'case, project bcyond the workinfr-i'ace ol' the opposite roll, and enter o. groove, a or n, made thereinnn;thatpurpose. This' feature enables me the bet-ter to preventthe formation of a tin at the part of the rolls, and also ena-oies meto introduce into the rolls, and reduce a bar or billet of greater width than would otherwise be practicnble or even possible. I

As already stated, by the use oi rolls, such as are described, Iam enabled to roll rsltelp and nail-plate iron to the exiwtwidth and thickness desired, and with edges so well defined, and so straight andrsonnd, that, they need no t-rinuning orshearing. Such iron, it, is well known, has heretofore been rolled in large-sheets, and cnt orsheared to the desired width, with, ofcourse, a considerable loss in waste edges.

What, I claim as my invention, and desire t-o secure 1. In :i pair of metal rolls, a fillet, s, arranged ar, inc junction of the obliquely-inelined workiii'g'g-iiwcs of cach orany oi thc grooves, substantially in thc maimcr and for the purposes hereinbe'ore'sel; forth.

2. 1n a pair of metal rolls, 'a pair of collars l d combination with the obliqncly-inclined working-faces oi' on included reducingand rolling-groove, each such collar projecting into, and operating in agroove, n. or n', in the roll opposite thereto, substantially as described.

1n testimony whereof', I, the said JOHN LWIL- Lmbxs, have hereunto set my hand.

' JOHN I. WILLIAMS.

Witnesses:

A. S. NICHOLSON, R. C. WnExsHALL. 

